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   Р
   Ф 24


    Фармакологическое регулирование программированной гибели клеток [] : монография / В. А. Черешнев, В. Н. Цыган, М. М. Одинак, А. М. Иванов ; редактор В. А. Черешнев ; Военно-медицинская академия. - Санкт-Петербург : Наука , 2011. - 253, [1] с. - Загл. на доп.тит.листе : Phrmacological regulation of programmed cell death. - Предм. указ.: с. 177-178. - Библиогр.: с. 179-248. - ISBN 978-5-02-037117-0 : Б. ц.

ГРНТИ

34.45

34.19

ББК Р281 + 570.5
Рубрики: ЗДРАВООХРАНЕНИЕ. МЕДИЦИНСКИЕ НАУКИ--ФАРМАКОЛОГИЯ--ФАРМАЦИЯ--ТОКСИКОЛОГИЯ
БИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ НАУКИ--ОБЩАЯ БИОЛОГИЯ

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   Z 86

    Zotova, N. V.
    Systemic inflammation: methodological approaches to identification of the common pathological process / N. V. Zotova, V. A. Chereshnev, E. Yu. Gusev // PLOS One. - 2016. - Vol. 11, № 5. - P. e0155138

ББК 61
Рубрики: ЗДРАВООХРАНЕНИЕ. МЕДИЦИНСКИЕ НАУКИ
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
MULTI-SYNDROME -- PATHOLOGICAL PROCESS
Аннотация: We defined Systemic inflammation (SI) as a “typical, multi-syndrome, phase-specific pathological process, developing from systemic damage and characterized by the total inflammatory reactivity of endotheliocytes, plasma and blood cell factors, connective tissue and, at the final stage, by microcirculatory disorders in vital organs and tissues.” The goal of the work: to determine methodological approaches and particular methodical solutions for the problem of identification of SI as a common pathological process. SI can be defined by the presence in plasma of systemic proinflammatory cell stress products—cytokines and other inflammatory mediators, and also by the complexity of other processes signs. We have developed 2 scales: 1) The Reactivity Level scale (RL)–from 0 to 5 points: 0-normal level; RL-5 confirms systemic nature of inflammatory mediator release, and RL- 2–4 defines different degrees of event probability. 2) The SI scale, considering additional criteria along with RL, addresses more integral criteria of SI: the presence of ≥ 5 points according to the SI scale proves the high probability of SI developing. To calculate the RL scale, concentrations of 4 cytokines (IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, TNF-α) and C-reactive protein in plasma were examined. Additional criteria of the SI scale were the following: D-dimers>500ng/ml, cortisol>1380 or <100nmol/l, troponin I≥0.2ng/ml and/or myoglobin≥800ng/ml. 422 patients were included in the study with different septic (n-207) and aseptic (n-215) pathologies. In 190 cases (of 422) there were signs of SI (lethality 38.4%, n-73). In only 5 of 78 cases, lethality was not confirmed by the presence of SI. SI was registered in 100% of cases with septic shock (n-31). There were not significant differences between AU-ROC of CR, SI scale and SOFA to predict death in patients with sepsis and trauma.

\\\\expert2\\NBO\\PLoS ONE\\2016, v.11, p. e0155138pdf.pdf
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   C 36


    CD8.sup.+ T cell expansion in HIV/HCV coinfection is associated with systemic inflammation / E. V. Saidakova, K. V. Shmagel, L. B. Korolevskaya [et al.] // Doklady Biological Sciences. - 2017. - Vol. 474, № 1. - P126-128

ББК 001.2
Рубрики: НАУКА. НАУКОВЕДЕНИЕ
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
HEPATITIS C -- RISK FACTORS -- COMORBIDITY -- RISK FACTORS -- T CELLS -- HEPATITIS C VIRUS
Аннотация: High prevalence of non-AIDS-defining illnesses in treated HIV-infected patients is associated with increased peripheral CD8.sup.+ T cell counts. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) coinfection is an additional risk factor for the development of non-AIDS events. We found that, in HIV/HCV coinfection, the increased proportion of CD8.sup.+ T lymphocytes is due to the effector memory and terminal effector T cells gain. Moreover, in these patients, the accumulation of highly differentiated forms of CD8.sup.+ T lymphocytes was associated with increased concentrations of inflammatory indices.

\\\\Expert2\\NBO\\Doklady Biological Sciences\\2017 v. 474 p. 126-128.pdf
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   E 27


    Effect of hepatitis C vIrus coinfection on the content of CD4+ and CD8+ T cell subpopulations in HIV-infected patients receiving antiretroviral therapy / L. B. Korolevskaya, K. V. Shmagel, E. V. Saidakova [et al.] // Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine. - 2016. - Vol. 161, № 2. - P281-283. - Bibliogr. : p. 283 (12 ref.)

ББК 61
Рубрики: ЗДРАВООХРАНЕНИЕ--КЛИНИЧЕСКАЯ МЕДИЦИНА
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
HIV INFECTION -- HCV COINFECTION -- ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY -- T CELL SUBPOPULATIONS
Аннотация: We studied the effect of hepatitis C virus coinfection on T cell subpopulations in HIV-infected patients receiving antiretroviral therapy. Coinfection with hepatitis C virus was followed by a decrease in the number of naive CD4+ T cells and an increase in the count of central CD8+ memory T cells in these patients. Hepatitis C virus had no effect on the number of CD4+ memory T cells (main target for HIV). This can explain the absence of strong negative effect of hepatitis C virus on the course of HIV infection.

\\\\expert2\\NBO\\Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine\\2016, v.161, N 2, p. 281-283.pdf
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   T 84


    Trehalolipid biosurfactants from nonpathogenic Rhodococcus actinobacteria with diverse immunomodulatory activities / M. S. Kuyukina, I. B. Ivshina, T. A. Baeva [et al.] // New Biotechnology. - 2015. - V. 32., № 6. - P559-568. - Bibliogr. : p. 566-568 (82 ref.)

ББК 57
Рубрики: БИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ НАУКИ
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
IMMUNOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES -- TREHALOLIPIDS -- RHODOCOCCUS RUBBER
Аннотация: Actinobacteria of the genus Rhodococcus produce trehalolipid biosurfactants with versatile biochemical properties and low toxicity. In recent years, these biosurfactants are increasingly studied as possible biomedical agents with expressed immunological activities. Applications of trehalolipids from Rhodococcus, predominantly cell-bound, in biomedicine are also attractive because their cost drawback could be less significant for high-value products. The review summarizes recent findings in immunomodulatory activities of trehalolipid biosurfactants from nonpathogenic Rhodococcus and related actinobacteria and compares their biomedical potential with well-known immunomodifying properties of trehalose dimycolates from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Molecular mechanisms of trehalolipid interactions with immunocompetent cells are also discussed.

\\\\expert2\\nbo\\New Biotechnology\\2015. V. 32. N 6. P. 559-568.pdf
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   M 39


    Mathematical model of the Tat-Rev regulation of HIV-1 replication in an activated cell predicts the existence of oscillatory dynamics in the synthesis of viral components / V. Likhoshvai, T. Khlebodarova, S. Bazhan [et al.] // BMC Genomics. - 2014. - Vol. 15, Suppl. 12. - P1-18

ББК 57 + 61
Рубрики: БИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ НАУКИ
ЗДРАВООХРАНЕНИЕ. МЕДИЦИНСКИЕ НАУКИ --КЛИНИЧЕСКАЯ МЕДИЦИНА
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
HIV-1 REPLICATION -- OSCILLATORY DYNAMICS -- VIRAL COMPONENTS

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   E 27


    Effect of polyoxidonium on phagocytic cell functions. Experimental and Clinical estimation of potential inclusion of polyoxidonium in complex therapy in penetrating eye injury / V. A. Chereshnev, Y. I. Shilov , M. V. Chereshneva, L. A. Platova, O. N. Badanina, S. V. Osotov, T. B. Ponomareva // Russian Journal of Immunology. - 2000. - Vol. 5, № 1. - P. 39-52 : fig. - Bibliogr. : p. 51-52 (23 ref)

ББК 61
Рубрики: ЗДРАВООХРАНЕНИЕ. МЕДИЦИНСКИЕ НАУКИ
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
POLYOXIDONIUM -- PENETRATING EYE INJURY

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   T 44


    The role of systemic inflammation in the formation of CD4+T cell deficiency in HIV/HCV coinfection / E. V. Saidakova, L. B. Korolevskaya, K. V. Shmagel [et al.] // International Journal of Rheumatic Diseasis. - 2014. - Vol. 17, Suppl. 2. - P17-18

ББК 61
Рубрики: ЗДРАВООХРАНЕНИЕ. МЕДИЦИНСКИЕ НАУКИ
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
INFLAMMATION -- COINFECTION -- CD4+T

\\\\expert2\\nbo\\International Journal of Rheumatic Diseases\\2014. V. 17, Suppl. 2. P. 17-18.pdf
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   O-65


    Opportunmes of ripe dendritic cells with preparat containing humana-fetoprotein / O. V. Lebedinskaya, E. Lebedinskaya, T. V. Gavrilova [et al.] // The 12th International Symposium on Dendritic Cells, Daegu, Korea, 7-11 october 2012 : abstract. - Daegu, 2012. - P109

ББК 61
Рубрики: ЗДРАВООХРАНЕНИЕ. МЕДИЦИНСКИЕ НАУКИ
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
DENDRITIC CELL -- LEUKOCYTES -- FETOPROTEIN

\\\\expert2\\nbo\\12th Int. Symposium on Dendritic Cells\\2012. P01-40P. 109.pdf
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10.

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   I-60


    Influens of hepatitis C virus coinfection on CD4+ T cell of HIV-infected patients receiving HAART / K. V. Shmagel, E. V. Saidakova, L. B. Korolevskaya, N. G. Shmagel, V. A. Chereshnev, D. D. Anthony, M. M. Lederman // AIDS. - 2014. - Vol. 28, № 16. - P2382-2388

ББК 61
Рубрики: ЗДРАВООХРАНЕНИЕ. МЕДИЦИНСКИЕ НАУКИ

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11.

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    SARS-Cov-2-specific immune response and the pathogenesis of Covid-19 / E. Gusev, A. Sarapultsev, L. Solomatina, V. Chereshnev // International journal of molecular sciences. - 2022. - Vol. 23, № 3. - Ст. 1716
Рубрики: ЗДРАВООХРАНЕНИЕ. МЕДИЦИНСКИЕ НАУКИ
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
КОРОНАВИРУС -- COVID 19 -- AUTOIMMUNITY -- ADAPTIVE IMMUNITY -- CELLULAR STRESS -- SARS-CoV-2;
Аннотация: The review aims to consolidate research findings on the molecular mechanisms and virulence and pathogenicity characteristics of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) causative agent, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), and their relevance to four typical stages in the development of acute viral infection. These four stages are invasion; primary blockade of antiviral innate immunity; engagement of the virus’s protection mechanisms against the factors of adaptive immunity; and acute, long-term complications of COVID-19. The invasion stage entails the recognition of the spike protein (S) of SARS-CoV-2 target cell receptors, namely, the main receptor (angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, ACE2), its coreceptors, and potential alternative receptors. The presence of a diverse repertoire of receptors allows SARS-CoV-2 to infect various types of cells, including those not expressing ACE2. During the second stage, the majority of the polyfunctional structural, non-structural, and extra proteins SARS-CoV-2 synthesizes in infected cells are involved in the primary blockage of antiviral innate immunity. A high degree of redundancy and systemic action characterizing these pathogenic factors allows SARS-CoV-2 to overcome antiviral mechanisms at the initial stages of invasion. The third stage includes passive and active protection of the virus from factors of adaptive immunity, overcoming of the barrier function at the focus of inflammation, and generalization of SARS-CoV-2 in the body. The fourth stage is associated with the deployment of variants of acute and long-term complications of COVID-19. SARS-CoV-2’s ability to induce autoimmune and autoinflammatory pathways of tissue invasion and development of both immunosuppressive and hyperergic mechanisms of systemic inflammation is critical at this stage of infection.

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12.

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    Novel disease-associated missense single-nucleotide polymorphisms variants predication by algorithms tools and molecular dynamics simulation of human TCIRG1 gene causing congenital neutropenia and osteopetrosis / K. Shinwari, H. Rehman, H. Liu Guojun [et al.] // Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences. - 2022. - Vol. 9. - Ст. 879875
Рубрики: ЗДРАВООХРАНЕНИЕ. МЕДИЦИНСКИЕ НАУКИ
Аннотация: T Cell Immune Regulator 1, ATPase H + Transporting V0 Subunit A3 (TCIRG1 gene provides instructions for making one part, the a3 subunit, of a large protein complex known as a vacuolar H + -ATPase (V-ATPase). V-ATPases are a group of similar complexes that act as pumps to move positively charged hydrogen atoms (protons) across membranes. Single amino acid changes in highly conserved areas of the TCIRG1 protein have been linked to autosomal recessive osteopetrosis and severe congenital neutropenia. We used multiple computational approaches to classify disease-prone single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in TCIRG1. We used molecular dynamics analysis to identify the deleterious nsSNPs, build mutant protein structures, and assess the impact of mutation. Our results show that fifteen nsSNPs (rs199902030, rs200149541, rs372499913, rs267605221, rs374941368, rs375717418, rs80008675, rs149792489, rs116675104, rs121908250, rs121908251, rs121908251, rs149792489 and rs116675104) variants are likely to be highly deleterious mutations as by incorporating them into wild protein they destabilize the wild protein structure and function. They are also located in the V-ATPase I domain, which may destabilize the structure and impair TCIRG1 protein activation, as well as reduce its ATPase effectiveness. These mutants have not yet been identified in patients suffering from CN and osteopetrosis while (G405R, R444L, and D517N) reported in our study are already associated with osteopetrosis. Mutation V52L reported in our study was identified in a patient suspected for CN. Finally, these mutants can help to further understand the broad pool of illness susceptibilities associated with TCIRG1 catalytic kinase domain activation and aid in the development of an effective treatment for associated diseases.

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13.

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    In HIV-infected immunological non-responders, hepatitis C virus eradication contributes to incomplete normalization of systemic inflammation, but does not lead to rapid CD4+ T-cell count recovery / E. V. Saidakova, L. B. Korolevskaya, N. G. Shmagel [et al.] // Doklady Biochemistry and Biophysics. - 2023. - Vol. 512. - P274–278
Рубрики: ЗДРАВООХРАНЕНИЕ. МЕДИЦИНСКИЕ НАУКИ
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
HIV INFECTIONS -- HEPATITIS C -- IMMUNOLOGICAL NON-RESPONSE
Аннотация: In HIV-positive individuals taking antiretroviral therapy, coinfection with hepatitis C virus (HCV) increases systemic inflammation, which interferes with the CD4+ T-cells regeneration. This study evaluated the effect of HCV eradication on systemic inflammation and CD4+ T-cell regeneration in patients who gave poor response to antiretroviral therapy, the so-called “immunological non-responders” (INRs). HIV-infected patients who received a course of direct-acting antivirals for treating hepatitis C were examined. The control groups included HIV/HCV-coinfected INRs and relatively healthy volunteers. It was established for the first time that HCV eradication is not accompanied by a complete suppression of systemic inflammation, but improves the T-cell pool composition: in INRs, the blood CD4+/CD8+ T-lymphocyte ratio increases and approaches those of healthy individuals. Apparently, in INRs treated for hepatitis C, the immune system recovery takes time and may be incomplete.

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14.

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    Alpha-fetoprotein as a factor of differentiation and functional activity of myeloid-derived suppressor cells / K. Yu. Shardina, S. A. Zamorina, V. P. Timganova [et al.] // Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine. - 2023. - Vol. 175. - P535–543
Рубрики: ЗДРАВООХРАНЕНИЕ. МЕДИЦИНСКИЕ НАУКИ
Аннотация: We studied the role of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) in regulation of differentiation and functional activity of human myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) in vitro. To obtain MDSC, CD11b+ cells were isolated from the peripheral blood of healthy donors followed by cytokine induction (IL-1β+GM-CSF) into the MDSC phenotype. The cell functions were assessed by the expression of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) and arginase-1 (Arg1) and cytokine profile of the cell cultures. Native AFP did not affect the total number of MDSC and the percentage of polymorphonuclear MDSC (PMN-MDSC), but increased the number of monocytic MDSC (M-MDSC). AFP did not change the expression of Arg1, but in low concentrations (10 and 50 U/ml) increased the number of IDO-containing cells. AFP modulated the cytokine profile of CD11b+ cells: it reliably decreased the level of IL-19 (50 and100 U/ml) and showed a tendency to decrease the levels of IL-34, MMP-2, sCD163, CHI3L1, OPN and to increase the levels of IL-29, IL-32, APRIL, PTX3, and sTNF-R1. Thus, we have demonstrated a regulatory effect of native AFP at the level of MDSC generated from CD11b+ cells under conditions of cytokine induction in vitro.

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15.

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    Antinuclear autoantibodies in healthy individuals: autoimmunity is not a synonym of autoimmune disease : doi.org/10.3390/antib10010009 / I. A. Pashnina, I. M. Krivolapova, T. V. Fedotkina [et al.] // Antibodies. - 2021. - Vol. 10, № 1. - Ст. 9
Рубрики: ЗДРАВООХРАНЕНИЕ. МЕДИЦИНСКИЕ НАУКИ
Аннотация: Incidence of autoimmune diseases increases. Antinuclear antibodies (ANA) testing is a critical tool for their diagnosis. However, ANA prevalence in health increased over last decades, especially among young people. ANA in health occur in low concentrations, with prevalence up to 50% in some populations, which demands a cutoff revision. The review deals with origin and probable physiological or compensatory function of ANA in health, according to the concept of immunological clearance, theory of autoimmune regulation of cell functions and the concept of functional autoantibodies. Considering ANA titers ≤1:320 as a serological marker of autoimmune diseases seems inappropriate. The role of anti-DFS70/LEDGFp75 autoantibodies is highlighted as possible anti-risk biomarker for autoimmune rheumatic disorders. ANA prevalence in health is different in various regions due to several underlying causes discussed in the review, all influencing in additive combinations according to the concept of the mosaic of autoimmunity. Not only titer, but the HEp-2 IFA staining patterns, like AC-2, is also important. Accepting autoantibodies as a kind of bioregulators, not only upper, but also lower borders of their normal range should be determined. Not only their excess, but also lack of them or “autoimmunodeficiency” could be a reason of disorders.

\\\\Expert2\\NBO\\Электрон. библиотека (Отеч.периодика)\\Черешнев В. А\\Antibodies. - 2021. - Vol. 10, № 1. - Ст. 9.pdf
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16.

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   C 36


    CD4+ T-cell cycling in hiv-infected patients with the discordant immunologic response to the antiretroviral therapy [Text] / E. V. Saidakova, K. V. Shmagel, L. B. Korolevskaya [et al.] // Cell and Tissue Biology. - 2019. - Vol. 13, № 1. - P55-63

ББК Р
Рубрики: ЗДРАВООХРАНЕНИЕ. МЕДИЦИНСКИЕ НАУКИ

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17.

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    α-Fetoprotein influence on the conversion of naϊve T-helpers into memory T-cell effector subpopulations / S. A. Zamorina, V. P. Timganova, M. S. Bochkova [et al.] // Doklady Biological Sciences. - 2018. - Vol. 482, № 1. - P210-213

ББК 53
Рубрики: ЗДРАВООХРАНЕНИЕ. МЕДИЦИНСКИЕ НАУКИ
Аннотация: The effect of native á-fetoprotein (AFP) on the conversion of naive T-helpers into central memory T-cells (TCM) and effector subpopulations of the preterminally differentiated (TEM) and terminally differentiated (TEMRA) memory T-cells was studied. AFP was found to prevent the conversion of naive T-helpers into effector subpopulations of memory T cells (TEM and TEMRA) while reducing the total production of IL-4 and IFN-ã by the studied cell populations. The data reveal a new role of AFP in the immune tolerance formation during pregnancy.

\\\\Expert2\\NBO\\Doklady Biological Sciences\\2018 V 482 P. 210-213.pdf
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18.

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    Antinuclear autoantibodies in healthy individuals: autoimmunity is not a synonym of autoimmune disease / I. A. Pashnina, I. M. Krivolapova, T. V. Fedotkina [et al.] // Preprints. - 2020. - 28 Oct. - Ст. 2020100591. - 27 p.
Рубрики: ЗДРАВООХРАНЕНИЕ. МЕДИЦИНСКИЕ НАУКИ
Аннотация: Incidence of autoimmune diseases increases. Antinuclear antibodies (ANA) testing is a critical tool for their diagnosis. However, ANA prevalence in health increased over last decades, especially among young people. ANA in health occur in low concentrations, with prevalence up to 50% in some populations, which demands a cutoff revision. The review deals with origin and probable physiological or compensatory function of ANA in health, according to the concept of immunological clearance, theory of autoimmune regulation of cell functions and the concept of functional autoantibodies. Considering ANA titers ≤1:320 as a serological marker of autoimmune diseases seems inappropriate. The role of anti-DFS70/LEDGFp75 autoantibodies is highlighted as possible anti-risk biomarker for autoimmune rheumatic disorders. ANA prevalence in health is different in various regions due to several underlying causes discussed in the review, all influencing in additive combinations according to the concept of the mosaic of autoimmunity. Not only titer, but the HEp-2 IFA staining patterns, like AC-2, is also important. Accepting autoantibodies as a kind of bioregulators, not only upper, but also lower borders of their normal range should be determined. Not only their excess, but also lack of them or “autoimmunodeficiency” could be a reason of disorders.

\\\\Expert2\\NBO\\Электрон. библиотека (Отеч.периодика)\\Черешнев В. А\\Preprints 2020 Ст. 2020100591.pdf
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19.

Инвентарный номер: нет.



    Newborn Screening through TREC, TREC/KREC system for Primary Immunodeficiency with limitation of TREC/KREC. Comprehensive review / K. Shinwari, M. A. Bolkov, I. A. Tuzankina, V. A. Chereshnev // Anti-inflammatory & Anti-allergy Agents in Medicinal Chemistry. - 2021. - Vol. 20. - P132-149
Рубрики: ЗДРАВООХРАНЕНИЕ. МЕДИЦИНСКИЕ НАУКИ
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
PRIMARY iMMUNODEFICIENCY -- T-CELL LYMPHOPENIA
Аннотация: Newborn screening (NBS) by quantifying T cell receptor excision circles (TRECs) and Kappa receptor excision circles in neonatal dried blood spots (DBS) enables early diagnosis of different types of primary immune deficiencies. Global newborn screening for PID, using an assay to detect T-cell receptor excision circles (TREC) in dried blood spots (DBS), is now being performed in all states in the United States. In this review, we discuss the development and outcomes of TREC, TREC/KREC combines screening, and continued challenges to implementation.

\\\\nas3\\Nbo\\Электрон. библиотека (Отеч.периодика)\\Черешнев В. А\\Anti-inflammatory & Anti-allergy Agents in Medicinal Chemistry. - 2021. - Vol. 20. - P. 132-149
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20.

Инвентарный номер: нет.

   I-56


    Impact of bacterial autoregulatory molecules (homoserine lactones and alkylhydroxybenzenes) on the oxidative metabolism of the cell effectors of natural immunity / D. G. Deryabin, T. G. Sviridova, G. I. El'-Registan, V. A. Chereshnev // Microbiology. - 2013. - Vol. 82, № 2. - P133-141

ББК 57
Рубрики: БИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ НАУКИ
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
ALKYLHYDROXYBENZENES -- CHEMOLUMINESCENCE -- HOMOSERINE LACTONES
Аннотация: We investigated the impact of bacterial regulators homoserine lactones (HSLs) and alkylhydroxybenzenes (AHBs) (which are present in human fluids at pico- and nanomolar concentrations) on neutrophile oxidative metabolism. The HSL and AHB effects were determined using a test based on induced luminol-dependent chemoluminescence of neutrophiles in human peripheral blood. In this test, neutrophiles were preincubated with chemical analogs of bacterial autoregulators with different lengths of the hydrocarbon radical, such as HSL · HCl, C6- and C12-HSL, and C1-, C6-, and C12-AHB. We revealed that they suppressed the chemoluminescence and, accordingly, the oxidative metabolism of neutrophiles. This effect was more significant with HSLs than with AHBs. Within each of the two groups, the effect increased with an increase in the length of the hydrocarbon chain of the homologues. High concentrations of long-chain autoregulators of both types produce a cytotoxic effect that is associated with apoptosis in the case of C12-HSL and with cell membrane damage in the case of C12-AHB. The effects of low HSL and AHB concentrations involve their protein-modifying properties and result in changes in the activities of neutrophile oxidative enzymes. To a lesser extent, these effects are due to the pro- and antioxidant activities of HSLs and AHBs, respectively. In light of the results obtained, the HSL and AHB effects are to be considered as a novel mechanism of regulating the activities of cell effectors of natural innate immunity. In symbiotic and parasitic systems, the mechanism involves the bimodal pattern of the effects of HSLs and AHBs that vary depending on their structure and concentrations

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