F 43 Fershtater, Y. G. Criteria for the choice of a working fluid for "antigravity" heat pipes [Text] / Y. G. Fershtater, Yu. F. Maydanik // Heat Transfer - Soviet Research. - 1987. - V. 19, N 6. - P129-136 Рубрики: ФИЗИКА Кл.слова (ненормированные): жидкости рабочие -- РАБОЧАЯ ЖИДКОСТЬ -- АНТИГРАВИТАЦИЯ -- ТРУБА ТЕПЛОВАЯ -- ТЕПЛОВАЯ ТРУБА |
M 19 Maydanik, Yu. F. On pores sizes of capillary structure of an antigravitational heat pipes [Text] / Yu. F. Maydanik, Y. G. Fershtater // Heat Transfer - Soviet Research. - 1985. - V. 17, N 4. - P119-127 Рубрики: ФИЗИКА Кл.слова (ненормированные): РАЗМЕР ПОР -- СТРУКТУРА КАПИЛЛЯРНАЯ -- КАПИЛЛЯРНАЯ СТРУКТУРА -- ТРУБА АНТИГРАВИТАЦИОННАЯ -- антигравитационные трубы -- ТРУБА ТЕПЛОВАЯ -- ТЕПЛОВАЯ ТРУБА |
M 19 Maydanik, Yu. F. Capillary-pump loop for systems of thermal regulation of spacecraft [Text] / Yu. F. Maydanik, Y. G. Fershtater, K. Goncharov // Proceedings 4th European Symposium on Space Environmental Control Systems (Florence, Italy, 1991). - 1991. - P87-92 Рубрики: ФИЗИКА Кл.слова (ненормированные): КОНТУР КАПИЛЛЯРНОЙ ПРОКАЧКИ -- СИСТЕМА ТЕРМИЧЕСКОГО РЕГУЛИРОВАНИЯ -- АППАРАТ КОСМИЧЕСКИЙ -- КОСМИЧЕСКИЙ АППАРАТ |
K 94 Kuskov, G. V. Investigation of thermal conductivities of heat pipe wicks [Text] / G. V. Kuskov, Yu. F. Maydanik, V. G. Pastukhov // Heat Transfer - Soviet Research. - 1987. - V. 19, N 6. - P119-128 Рубрики: ФИЗИКА Кл.слова (ненормированные): ПРОВОДИМОСТЬ ТЕРМИЧЕСКАЯ -- ТЕРМИЧЕСКАЯ ПРОВОДИМОСТЬ -- ФИТИЛЬ -- ТРУБА ТЕПЛОВАЯ -- ТЕПЛОВАЯ ТРУБА |
S 71 Some results of loop heat pipes development, tests and application in engineering [Text] / Yu. F. Maydanik, Y. G. Fershtater, S. V. Vershinin, V. G. Pastukhov, K. Goncharov // Proceedings of 5th International Heat Pipe Symposium (Melbourne, Australia, Nov. 17-20, 1996). - 1996. - P406-412 Рубрики: ФИЗИКА Кл.слова (ненормированные): ТРУБА КОНТУРНАЯ -- КОНТУРНАЯ ТРУБА -- ТРУБА ТЕПЛОВАЯ -- ТЕПЛОВАЯ ТРУБА |
L 88 Loop heat pipes and two phase loops with capillary pumps and working fluid for them [Text] / K. Goncharov, M. M. Nikitin, M. Mordashov, Yu. F. Maydanik, Y. G. Fershtater // Proceedings ESA Workshop on Refrigerants for Space Applications (Noorwijk, Netherlands, 1995). - 1995. - P247-257 Рубрики: ФИЗИКА Кл.слова (ненормированные): ТРУБА КОНТУРНАЯ -- КОНТУРНАЯ ТРУБА -- ТРУБА ТЕПЛОВАЯ -- ТЕПЛОВАЯ ТРУБА -- ФАЗА КОНТУРА -- КОНТУРА ФАЗА -- ПРОКАЧКА КАПИЛЛЯРНАЯ -- КАПИЛЛЯРНАЯ ПРОКАЧКА -- жидкости |
L 88 Loop heat pipes and evaporators with advanced characteristics [Text] / Yu. F. Maydanik, S. V. Vershinin, V. G. Pastukhov, D. Gluck, C. Gerhard // Proceedings of the CPL-98 International Workshop on Capillary Pumped Two-Phase Loops (Los Angeles, USA, March 2-3, 1998). - P2. 4-1-2. 4-11 Рубрики: ФИЗИКА Кл.слова (ненормированные): ТРУБА КОНТУРНАЯ -- КОНТУРНАЯ ТРУБА -- ТРУБА ТЕПЛОВАЯ -- ТЕПЛОВАЯ ТРУБА -- ИСПАРИТЕЛИ |
D 67 Dmitrin, V. I. Experimental investigations of a closed-loop oscillating heat pipe / V. I. Dmitrin, Yu. F. Maydanik // High Temperature. - 2007. - Vol. 45, № 5. - С. 703-707. - Bibliogr : с. 707 (6 ref.) Рубрики: ФИЗИКА Кл.слова (ненормированные): ZONES OF HEATING -- HEAT TRANSPORT -- SIMULTANEOUS DECREASE Аннотация: Results are given of experimental investigations of an oscillating heat pipe (OHP) made in the form of a closed-loop coil of a copper capillary tube with an inside diameter of 2 mm, 4.5 m long, and filled with water in an amount of 50% of internal volume. The starting characteristics of OHP are studied in the range of heat loads from 30 to 100 W under conditions of cooling by way of natural and forced air convection. The pattern of temperature pulsations in the zones of heating, heat transport, and cooling is investigated. It is found that temperature pulsations exhibit a chaotic pattern. In cooling of an OHP by way of natural convection, the increase in heat load is accompanied by an increase in the maximal temperature of the heating zone with a simultaneous decrease in the nonuniformity of the temperature field. When an OHP is cooled by way of forced convection, a decrease in the maximal temperature of the heating zone is observed; however, this is accompanied by an increase in the amplitude of temperature pulsations and in the nonuniformity of the temperature field \\\\Expert2\\NBO\\High Temperature\\2007, v. 45, p.703.pdf |
D 67 Dmitrin, V. I. Development and investigation of compact cooler using a pulsating heat pipe / V. I. Dmitrin, Yu. F. Maydanik, V. G. Pastukhov // High Temperature. - 2010. - Vol. 48, № 4. - С. 565-571. - Bibliogr. : с. 571 (16 ref) Рубрики: ФИЗИКА Кл.слова (ненормированные): HEAT PIPE -- WATER -- METHANOL Аннотация: Results are given of development and investigations of a compact cooler for application in electronics, based on an open-loop oscillating heat pipe. The cooler operation is investigated, where water, methanol, and R141b Freon are used as working fluids under conditions of uniform and concentrated heat input. The effective operation of the device is demonstrated in the heat load range from 5 to 250 W. The “heat source-ambient air” minimal thermal resistance of 0.35°C/W was reached with water under uniform heat load of 250 W. The maximal value of heat load density is 75 W/cm2 with the heat flux concentration on the surface of 1 cm2, where methanol is used as working fluid \\\\Expert2\\NBO\\High Temperature\\2010, v. 48, N 4, p.565.pdf |
I-70 Investigation of startup behaviors of a loop-heat pipe / H. X. Zhang, G. P. Lin, T. Ding, Yu. F. Maydanik, R. G. Sudakov // Journal of Termophysics and Heat Transfer. - 2005. - Vol. 19, № 4. - С. 509-518 Рубрики: ФИЗИКА Кл.слова (ненормированные): HEAT PIPES -- VAPOR/LIQUID DISTRIBUTION -- VAPOR GROOVES Аннотация: The results of ground experiments on startup behaviors of a loop heat pipe are presented. One objective is to investigate the effects of working conditions on the startup of loop heat pipes. Startup behaviors as functions of various parameters, including the vapor/liquid distribution-in the evaporator, startup heat load, sink temperature, and adverse elevation are described and explained. The physical process of startup is described, and the explanation that pressure transfer leads to the saturated temperature rise in the compensation chamber during startup is discussed. The other objective is to investigate the effect of startup on the steady-state operation of loop heat pipes. Test results indicate that evaporation inside the wick tends to occur at low startup heat loads when the evaporator, including the vapor grooves and the evaporator core, is flooded with liquid. Some peculiar phenomena, including evaporation inside the wick, temperature oscillation at the condenser inlet, and reverse flow equilibrium, which lead to higher operating temperatures, were observed during startups |
E 97 Experimental study on start-up characteristics of loop heat pipes / H. X. Zhang, G. P. Lin, T. Ding, R. G. Sudakov, Yu. F. Maydanik // Scienein China Series E-Engineering & Materials Science. - 2005. - Vol. 48, № 2. - С. 131-144 Рубрики: ФИЗИКА Кл.слова (ненормированные): LOOP HEAT PIPE -- START-UP -- EXPERIMENT Аннотация: This paper presents results of ground-experimental study on the start-up characteristics of a Loop Heat Pipe. The physical process of start-up is described, and the explanation that "Pressure Transfer" leads to the saturated temperature rise in compensation chamber during start-up is first discussed. Start-up behaviors as a function of various parameters including vapor/liquid distribution in the evaporator, adverse elevation, start-up heat load, sink temperature are described and explained. A peculiar start-up phenomenon composed of two start-up scenarios was first observed at adverse elevations and is described |
M 73 Miniature loop heat pipes for electronics cooling / V. G. Pastukhov, Yu. F. Maydanik, S. V. Vershinin, M. A. Korukov // Applied Thermal Engineering : 12th International Heat Pipe Conference Location, Russia, 19-24 may 2002 . - 2003. - Vol.23, № 9. - С. 1125-1135 Рубрики: ФИЗИКА Кл.слова (ненормированные): MINIATURE LOOP HEAT PIPE -- CPU -- THERMAL RESISTANCE Аннотация: The paper is devoted to the development of miniature loop heat pipes (mLHPs) with a nominal capacity of 25-30 W and a heat-transfer distance up to 250 mm intended for cooling electronics components and CPU of mobile PC. It gives the results of investigating several prototypes of mLHPs incorporated into remote heat exchanger (RHE) systems in different conditions. It has been established that in the nominal range of heat loads orientation does not practically affect the mLHPs operating characteristics. Under air cooling the total thermal resistance of such a system is 1.7-4.0degreesC/W and depends strongly on the cooling conditions and the radiator efficiency. In this case the mLHP's own thermal resistance is in the limits from 0.3 to 1.2degreesC/W, and the maximum capacity reaches 80-120 BT. The obtained results make it possible to regard mLHPs as quite promising devices for RHE systems providing thermal regimes for electronics components and personal computers. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved |
T 44 The loop heat pipe experiment on board the GRANAT spacecraft / A. A. Orlov, K. Goncharov, E. Y. Kotiarov, T. A. Tyklina, S. N. Ustinov, Yu. F. Maydanik // 6th European Symposium on Space Environmental Control Systems: Noordwijk, Netherlands, 20-22 may 1997 . - 1997. - Vol. 400. - С. 341-353 Рубрики: ФИЗИКА Кл.слова (ненормированные): LOOP HEAT PIPES -- ALYONA -- EXPERIMENTAL SYSTEM Аннотация: Results of the most durable Russian on-orbit experiment with the Loop Heat Pipe are analyzed in present paper. All telemetry data on temperature measurements obtained from the experimental system ALYONA during its performance period from 1989 till 1996 are compared. Estimation of the LHP operation ability during the whole period mentioned above and determination of the calculated value of transferred heat power were executed with taking into account the boundary conditions characterizing the operation mode of the experimental system ALYONA. Some results of on-ground testing, real characteristics of radiating surfaces coating and, also, the scientific spacecraft GRANAT orientation data were taken into account for analyzing. Necessary information on the Loop Heat Pipe design, used materials, preliminary on-ground testing is presented. Besides this, the information that allows to make a conclusion on the successful Loop Heat Pipe re-starting modes occurring when the spacecraft comes into the shade zone and to judge on the LHP life time is also presented. Documents provided by different LAVOCHKIN ASSOCIATION sen ices and divisions controlling the communication data obtained from the spacecraft were used for this paper preparation |
H 65 High heat flux loop heat pipes / M. T. North, D. B. Sarraf, J. H. Rosenfeld, Yu. F. Maydanik, S. V. Vershinin // 6th European Symposium on Space Environmental Control Systems: Noordwijk, Netherlands, 20-22 may 1997 . - 1997. - Vol. 400. - С. 371-376 Рубрики: ФИЗИКА Кл.слова (ненормированные): LOOP HEAT PIPES -- POWER LOADS -- GRAVITATIONAL HEADS Аннотация: Loop Heat Pipes (LHPs) can transport very large thermal power loads, over long distances, through flexible, small diameter tubes and gravitational heads. While recent transported as much as 1500 W, the peak heat flux through a LHP's evaporator has been limited to about 0.07 MW/m(2). This limitation is due to the arrangement of vapor passages next to the heat load which is one of the conditions necessary to ensure self priming of the device. This paper describes work aimed at raising this limit by threefold to tenfold. Two approaches were pursued. One optimized the vapor passage geometry for the high heat flux conditions. The geometry improved the heat flow into the wick and working fluid. This approach also employed a finer pored wick to support higher vapor flow losses. The second approach used a bidisperse wick material within the circumferential vapor passages. The bidisperse material increased the thermal conductivity and the evaporative surface area in the region of highest heat flux, while providing a flow path for the vapor. Proof-of-concept devices were fabricated and tested for each approach. Both devices operated as designed and both demonstrated operation at a heat flux of 0.70 MW/m(2) This performance exceeded the known state of the art by a factor of more than six for both conventional heat pipes and for loop heat pipes using ammonia. In addition, the bidisperse-wick device demonstrated boiling heat transfer coefficients up to 100,000 W/m(2).K, and the fine pored device demonstrated an orientation independence with its performance essentially unaffected by whether its evaporator was positioned above, below or level with the condenser |
P 31 Pastukhov, V. G. Adaptation of loop heat pipes to zero-g conditions / V. G. Pastukhov, Yu. F. Maydanik, Y. G. Fershtater // 6th European Symposium on Space Environmental Control Systems: Noordwijk, Netherlands, 20-22 may 1997 . - 1997. - Vol.400. - С. 385-391 Рубрики: ФИЗИКА Кл.слова (ненормированные): LOOP HEAT PIPES -- HEAT-TRANSPORT -- THERMOCAPILLARY PHENOMENA Аннотация: Loop heat pipes (LHPs) posses a great variety of valuable properties, which make them quite promising for application both on the Earth and in space. Among these are the LHP high heat-transport capacity at an any orientation in the field of mass forces, good mass-and-size parameters and the possibility of an arbitrary configuration of transport lines. At the same time such a drawback of LHPs of the conventional type as the instability of start up and operation in the region of low heat loads reduces their performance. The problem is connected, in a general case, with the unfavourable distribution of the vapor and the liquid phases of the working fluid in the evaporator. There is reason to believe that the LHP operation can also be significantly affected by zero-g conditions, in which the distribution of a working fluid is pre-determined only by the action of surface forces and the thermocapillary phenomena. The paper performs a general analysis of the necessary conditions imposed on the construction of LHP and some designs that contribute to the retention of serviceability in zero-g conditions at low heat loads. It gives the results of laboratory investigations of an adapted ammonia LHP with a heat-transfer capacity up to 2 kWxm |
T 44 The proof-of-feasibility of multiple evaporator loop heat pipes / W. B. Bienert, D. A. Wolf, M. N. Nikitkin, Yu. F. Maydanik, Y. G. Fershtater, S. V. Vershinin, J. M. Gottschlich // 6th European Symposium on Space Environmental Control Systems: Noordwijk, Netherlands, 20-22 may 1997 . - 1997. - Vol.400. - С. 393-398 Рубрики: ФИЗИКА Кл.слова (ненормированные): LOOP HEAT PIPES -- THERMAL CONTROL -- MULTIPLE THERMAL INTERFACE Аннотация: This paper presents results that demonstrate the proof-of-feasibility of multiple evaporator Loop Heat Pipes (LHP). It was demonstrated that a multiple evaporator LHP can successfully operate as a thermal control system component. A breadboard LHP with multiple evaporators (two) that retained the reliable self starting behavior of the single thermal interface LHP was developed. Program efforts were concentrated on a two pump system and investigated the performance of the dual evaporator LHP. Analytical predictons and experimental test data are compared, and important issues are discussed that will be a baseline for continued development of multiple thermal interface LHPs. All of the conclusions are based on test results, analytic modeling and the correlation of the two. Although a mathematical model that predicts the multiple evaporator LHP behavior was developed, the primary focus of the program was the development, fabrication, and test of a breadboard multi-evaporator LHP. The program clearly demonstrated that multi-evaporator LHPs are feasible and merit further development as a viable thermal control components |
H 65 High heat flux loop heat pipes / M. T. North, D. B. Sarraf, J. H. Rosenfeld, Yu. F. Maydanik, S. V. Vershinin // SPACE TECHNOLOGY AND APPLICATIONS INTERNATIONAL FORUM (STAIF-97), PTS 1-3: 1ST CONFERENCE ON FUTURE SCIENCE & EARTH SCIENCE MISSIONS; 1ST CONFERENCE ON SYNERGISTIC POWER & PROPULSION SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGY; 1ST CONFERENCE ON APPLICATIONS OF THERMOPHYSICS IN MICROGRAVITY; 2ND CONFERENCE ON COMMERCIAL DEVELOPMENT OF SPACE; - 2ND CONFERENCE ON NEXT GENERATION LAUNCH SYSTEMS; 14TH SYMPOSIUM ON SPACE NUCLEAR POWER AND PROPULSION, ALBUQUERQUE, 26-30 JAN, 1997 . - 1997. - Vol.387. - С. 561-566 Рубрики: ФИЗИКА Кл.слова (ненормированные): LOOP HEAT PIPES -- THERMAL POWER LOADS -- VAPOR FLOW LOSSES Аннотация: Loop Heat Pipes (LHPs) can transport very large thermal power loads, over long distances, through flexible, small diameter tubes and against high gravitational heads. While recent LHPs have transported as much as 1500 W, the peak heat flux through a LHP's evaporator has been limited to about 0.07 MW/m(2). This limitation is due to the arrangement of vapor passages next to the heat load which is one of the conditions necessary to ensure self priming of the device. This paper describes work aimed at raising this limit by threefold to tenfold. Two approaches were pursued. One optimized the vapor passage geometry for the high heat flux conditions. The geometry improved the heat flow into the wick and working fluid. This approach also employed a finer pored wick to support higher vapor flow losses. The second approach used a bidisperse wick material within the circumferential vapor passages. The bidisperse material increased the thermal conductivity and the evaporative surface area in the region of highest heat flux, while providing a flow path for the vapor. Proof-of-concept devices were fabricated and tested for each approach. Both devices operated as designed and both demonstrated operation at a heat flux of 0.70 MW/m(2). This performance exceeded the known state of the art by a factor of more than six for both conventional heat pipes and for loop heat pipes using ammonia. In addition, the bidisperse-wick device demonstrated boiling heat transfer coefficients up to 100,000 W/m(2) K, and the fine pored device demonstrated an orientation independence with its performance essentially unaffected by whether its evaporator was positioned above, below or level with the condenser |
V 50 Vershinin, S. V. Effect of the thermal contact resistance on heat-transfer during boiling from fine porous capillary structures / S. V. Vershinin, Y. G. Fershtater, Yu. F. Maydanik // High Temperature. - 1992. - Vol.30, №4. - С. 668-673 Рубрики: ФИЗИКА Кл.слова (ненормированные): HEAT TRAHSFER -- VAPOR FORMATION Аннотация: The dependence of the heat transfer rate on the geometry of vapor channels is investigated analytically and experimentally with a consideration of the thermal contact resistance during vapor formation in fine porous structures for carrying away the vapor. It is shown that the larger the contact resistance, the greater the distance between the channels must be to maximize the values of the heat-transfer coefficients |
M 19 Maydanik, Yu. F. Loop heat pipes / Yu. F. Maydanik // Applied Thermal Engineering. - 2005. - Vol.25, №5-6. - С. 635-657 Рубрики: ФИЗИКА Кл.слова (ненормированные): HEAT-TRANSFER DEVICE -- LOOP HEAT PIPES -- COOLING Аннотация: Loop heat pipes (LHPs) are two-phase heat-transfer devices with capillary pumping of a working fluid. They possess all the main advantages of conventional heat pipes, but owing to the original design and special properties of the capillary structure are capable of transferring heat efficiency for distances up to several meters at any orientation in the gravity field, or to several tens of meters in a horizontal position. Besides, the LHP conception allows a wide variety of different design embodiments, which essentially extends the sphere of functional possibilities and practical application of these devices. The paper is a review of developments, results of theoretical analysis and tests of LHPs performed at the Institute of Thermal Physics and some other organizations. It gives examples of successful application of these highly efficient devices in space technology and electronics |
P 31 Pastukhov, V. G. Development and investigation of a cooler for electronics on the basis of two-phase loop thermosyphons / V. G. Pastukhov, Yu. F. Maydanik, V. I. Dmitrin // Heat Pipe Science and Technology, An International Journal , vol. - Vol.1, №1. - С. 47-57 Рубрики: ФИЗИКА Кл.слова (ненормированные): LOOP THERMOSYPHON -- EVAPORATOR -- CAPILLARY STRUCTURE, Аннотация: The objective of this work was to develop a device for cooling electronic elements with a heat power up to 30 W by its rejection and dissipation in the ambient by free air convection. The device specification assigned the temperature range of the ambient conditions from −40 to +105° C and the available space of 30(W) × 120(H) × 200(L) mm. As a result a hybrid scheme based on a loop thermosyphon was proposed, where the evaporator embodied the capillary structure. In such a scheme, the return working fluid flow was ensured by the combined action of the gravity and capillary forces. Several prototypes with different loop and evaporator designs were tested in laboratory conditions. Water and heptane were used as working fluids. The experiments showed that the role of the capillary structure locally placed in the evaporator can be efficiently implemented by both highly porous cellular materials and capillary grooves made on the evaporating surface. It is also shown that heptane can be effectively used as a working fluid which is appropriate for the temperature range requirements. At the same time the device has good mass-and-size characteristics and total thermal resistance under a nominal heat load of about 1.7° C/W |