New data about the taxonomic diversity of communities' aphyllophoroid xylotrophic fungi were obtained as a result of the research in the boreal areas on the territories of nature reserves and in areas under influence of different anthropomorphic impact on the Urals and the West-Siberian plain. In general, on all areas of researches were identified 569 species and 1 variety aphyllophoroid xylotrophic fungi belonging to 17 orders, 59 families, 219 genera. In the boreal zone on the West-Siberian Plain (in the territory of Khanty) found 426 species and one variety from 179 genera, 45 families and 15 orders. In the taiga on the Urals (Sverdlovsk region, cross-border Perm Territory) found 481 species from 205 genera belonging to 54 families and 15 orders.