The macro- and microelement composition in the stratified horizons of permafrost peatlands in the European North-East of Russia were first identified. In the seasonal thawed layer (STL), the accumulation of chalcophile elements Hg, Cd, Pb, Cu and other heavy metals occurs as a result of anthropogenic aerogenic pollution. The nature of the accumulation and migration of elements in the STL is determined by the action of sorption and cryogenic geochemical barriers. The analysis using scanning electron microscopy showed the presence of particles up to 2 pm in diameter spherical and hemispherical in the upper peat layers containing Pb, Zn, Cr, Ni, which indicates an anthropogenic source of their arrival as a result of long-range atmospheric transport of air masses. Statistical analysis of the relationship between the content of trace elements in stratified peat horizons with the composition of peat-forming agents has shown a significant contribution of biogenic accumulation of elements.